Industry insights and figures Professional, scientific and technical activities

Operating margin
17.5 %
▼ -1.4pp
2022
Companies
5172377
2023

Key insights Professional, scientific and technical activities

Actionable signals from current data
EU27_2020
Average operating result: 17.5% of revenue (2022).
Personnel costs: 27.5% of revenue (2022).
Number of companies: 5,172,377 (2023).

Sector outlook Professional, scientific and technical activities

Automated analytical commentary based on the most recent Eurostat figures

Industry overview

The Professional, scientific and technical activities sector across EU27 average comprises approximately 5,036,444 enterprises employing about 8,205,801 people and generating €1.6 tn in net turnover in 2022. The average enterprise size is 2 employees per firm. This is a useful yardstick when assessing whether your own operation sits within the typical scale band of the sector.

Profitability

With a robust operating margin of 17.5% of revenue in 2022, the sector reports €281.1 bn of gross operating surplus (Eurostat's EBITDA-equivalent, before depreciation). This figure provides the headline benchmark against which an individual operator can sanity-check their own bottom line, values significantly below indicate cost or pricing pressure, those above suggest competitive advantage worth defending.

Cost structure

The Professional, scientific and technical activities cost mix is reasonably balanced: cost of revenue at 57.0%, personnel at 27.5% and energy at – of turnover. Without a single dominant cost driver, margin management requires attention across the full operating envelope rather than focus on any one line.

Productivity & human capital

Each employee in the Professional, scientific and technical activities sector generates approximately €132,000 of net turnover against a labour cost of €29,000, yielding a productivity-to-cost ratio of 4.6. Value added per employee stands at €88,000 This is a headline figure to compare against individual firm performance when judging whether headcount is creating proportional value.

Trend & trajectory

Over the period 2011 to 2022 the operating margin moved from 17.6% to 17.5% (-0.1 percentage points), broadly stable performance. Sectors with stable or improving margins tend to reflect successful pass-through of input costs and disciplined capacity management; declining margins typically point to either over-supply or a structural cost squeeze that warrants strategic review.

Costs by category Professional, scientific and technical activities

Sector average % of revenue
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Cost structure for Professional, scientific and technical activities in EU27_2020, 2008 to 2022, expressed as percentage of revenue.
Revenue / costs 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2024
Total revenue 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Personnel costs (total) 29.3% 29.7% 30.3% 29.9% 29.9% 29.8% 29.5% 29.2% 29.4% 30.3% 28.5% 27.5%
Gross wages 22.8% 23.0% 23.5% 23.4% 23.3% 23.4% 23.3% 23.1% 23.3% 24.1% 22.7% 21.9%
Social and pension contributions 6.5% 6.7% 6.7% 6.6% 6.5% 6.3% 6.2% 6.1% 6.1% 6.2% 5.8% 5.6%
Other costs 53.2% 53.8% 52.5% 52.6% 53.2% 53.8% 53.3% 52.9% 53.5% 52.1% 52.7% 55.0%
Gross operating surplus (EBITDA) 17.6% 16.5% 17.3% 17.5% 16.9% 16.5% 17.2% 17.9% 17.0% 17.7% 18.9% 17.5%
Depreciation 9.0% 9.2% 9.3% 9.2% 9.1% 9.0% 9.1% 9.3% 9.3% 10.0% 9.2% 8.9%
Operating result (EBIT) 8.5% 7.3% 8.0% 8.2% 7.8% 7.5% 8.1% 8.5% 7.8% 7.6% 9.7% 8.6%

Source: Eurostat Structural Business Statistics (latest available year).

Per-employee benchmarks and capital intensity Professional, scientific and technical activities

Revenue per employee
132€k
Labour cost per employee
29€k
Value added per employee
88€k
Labour productivity
59€k
Employees per firm
2
Investment rate
8.0%
Labour cost / value added
48.0%
Wage-adjusted productivity
110.0%

Average sector figures sourced from Eurostat. Use as a yardstick. Note your own ratios may differ by scale, mix and legal form.

Operating result over 12 years

Sector average % of revenue
Average
17.4%
Peak
18.85%
2021
Low
16.48%
2012
Latest
17.48%
2022

Cost mix evolution

How costs have shifted as a share of revenue

Cost distribution as % of revenue Professional, scientific and technical activities (2022)

Recommended next steps

Based on the latest available data for Professional, scientific and technical activities