Industry overview
The Professional, scientific and technical activities sector across Spain comprises approximately 443,528 enterprises employing about 777,248 people and generating €115.7 bn in net turnover in 2022. The average enterprise size is 3 employees per firm. This is a useful yardstick when assessing whether your own operation sits within the typical scale band of the sector.
Profitability
With a robust operating margin of 17.4% of revenue in 2022, the sector reports €20.2 bn of gross operating surplus (Eurostat's EBITDA-equivalent, before depreciation). This figure provides the headline benchmark against which an individual operator can sanity-check their own bottom line, values significantly below indicate cost or pricing pressure, those above suggest competitive advantage worth defending.
Cost structure
The Professional, scientific and technical activities cost mix is reasonably balanced: cost of revenue at 55.9%, personnel at 31.2% and energy at – of turnover. Without a single dominant cost driver, margin management requires attention across the full operating envelope rather than focus on any one line.
Productivity & human capital
Each employee in the Professional, scientific and technical activities sector generates approximately €102,000 of net turnover against a labour cost of €25,000, yielding a productivity-to-cost ratio of 4.1. Value added per employee stands at €72,000 This is a headline figure to compare against individual firm performance when judging whether headcount is creating proportional value.
Trend & trajectory
Over the period 2008 to 2022 the operating margin moved from 19.9% to 17.4% (-2.5 percentage points), a deteriorating trajectory that warrants attention. Sectors with stable or improving margins tend to reflect successful pass-through of input costs and disciplined capacity management; declining margins typically point to either over-supply or a structural cost squeeze that warrants strategic review.